One crisp January morning in Germany, I opened my door to the sound of soft singing and the sight of three children dressed in robes and golden paper crowns. They were the Sternsinger—the “Star Singers”—disguised as the Three Wise Men, bringing with them a centuries-old tradition that still warms hearts across the country.
It was Three Kings Day, or Dreikönigstag, celebrated on January 6th, and I was about to witness one of the most charming customs of the season.
At the beginning of January, Sternsingers go from house to house, singing carols, offering blessings, and collecting donations for children in need. After their song, they write a special inscription in chalk above the door: “20 ✶ C + M + B + 25”—marking the year and the letters that spark curiosity in many. What do they mean?
Where does the custom come from? “C + M + B” – these letters are written by the star singers in chalk on numerous house doors. What does that stand for, and who are these carolers?
✍️ The Meaning Behind “C + M + B”
Many believe the letters stand for the names of the Three Wise Men: Caspar, Melchior, and Balthasar. But the deeper meaning is a Latin blessing: “Christus Mansionem Benedicat”, which translates to “May Christ bless this house.” The stars and crosses are symbolic too, representing the star of Bethlehem and the cross of Christ. It’s a beautiful fusion of faith, folklore, and community spirit.
This tradition dates back to the 16th century and has evolved into a nationwide campaign organized by the Catholic Church. Today, the Sternsinger movement is one of the largest solidarity actions by children for children worldwide. Each year, they raise millions of euros to support educational and health projects in developing countries.
🎶 A Tradition That Lives On
What struck me most was the joy and reverence with which the children carried out their mission. Their voices were gentle but proud, their chalk marks deliberate and full of meaning. In that moment, my doorway became part of something larger—a shared ritual that connects homes across Germany and beyond.
In Germany, the Czech Republic and Austria the Epiphany singing is performed at or close to Epiphany (6 January) and has developed into a nationwide custom, where the children of both sexes call on every door and are given sweets and money for charity projects – mostly in aid of poorer children in other countries.
Three Kings Day is more than a holiday; it’s a reminder of generosity, hope, and the power of tradition to bring people together. Whether you’re watching the Sternsingers from your window or welcoming them with a smile, their visit leaves behind more than chalk—it leaves a blessing.
